stm32串口应用及使用注意事项小白必备

串口是我们常用的一个数据传输接口，STM32F103系列单片机共有5个串口。

其中1-3是通用同步/异步串行接口USART(Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter)。

4,、5是通用异步串行接口UART(Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter)。

看完文章总结可以看下边的资料了解详细情况

(stm32 USART串口应用)

http://www.makeru.com.cn/live/1392_1164.html?s=45051

通过Z-stack协议栈实现串口透传

http://www.makeru.com.cn/live/1758_330.html?s=45051

配置串口包括三部分内容：

1. I/O口配置：TXD配置为复用推挽输出(GPIO_Mode_AF_PP)，RXD配置为浮空输入(GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING);

2. 串口配置：波特率等;

3. 中断向量配置：一般用中断方式接收数据。

注意事项：

1. USART1是挂在APB2，使能时钟命令为：

RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE );

其他几个则挂在APB1上，如2口：

RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_USART2, ENABLE );

2. 配置4口和5口的时候，中断名为UART4、UART5，中断入口分别为

UART4_IRQn、UART5_IRQn

对应的中断服务函数为

void UART4_IRQHandler(void)

和

void UART5_IRQHandler(void)。

下面是5个串口的配置函数和收发数据函数代码：

#include “stm32f10x.h”

#include “misc.h”

#include “stm32f10x_gpio.h”

#include “stm32f10x_usart.h”

void USART1_Configuration(void)

{

GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;

USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;

NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;

RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE );

RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE );

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9; //USART1 TX;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP; //复用推挽输出;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;

GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口A;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10; //USART1 RX;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING; //浮空输入;

GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口A;

USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600; //波特率;

USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b; //数据位8位;

USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1; //停止位1位;

USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No ; //无校验位;

USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;

//无硬件流控;

USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;

//收发模式;

USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);//配置串口参数;

NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //设置中断组，4位抢占优先级，4位响应优先级;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQn; //中断号;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0; //抢占优先级;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0; //响应优先级;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;

NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);

USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE); //使能串口;

}

void USART1_Send_Byte(u8 Data) //发送一个字节;

{

USART_SendData(USART1,Data);

while( USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TC) == RESET );

}

void USART1_Send_String(u8 *Data) //发送字符串;

{

while(*Data)

USART1_Send_Byte(*Data++);

}

void USART1_IRQHandler(void) //中断处理函数;

{

u8 res;

if(USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET) //判断是否发生中断;

{

USART_ClearFlag(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE); //清除标志位;

res=USART_ReceiveData(USART1); //接收数据;

USART1_Send_Byte(res); //用户自定义;

}

}

void USART2_Configuration(void)

{

GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;

USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;

NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;

RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE );

RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_USART2, ENABLE );

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_2; //USART2 TX;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP; //复用推挽输出;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;

GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口A;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_3; //USART2 RX;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING; //浮空输入;

GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口A;

USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600; //波特率;

USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b; //数据位8位;

USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1; //停止位1位;

USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No ; //无校验位;

USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;

//无硬件流控;

USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;

//收发模式;

USART_Init(USART2, &USART_InitStructure);//配置串口参数;

NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //设置中断组，4位抢占优先级，4位响应优先级;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART2_IRQn; //中断号;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0; //抢占优先级;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0; //响应优先级;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;

NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

USART_ITConfig(USART2, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);

USART_Cmd(USART2, ENABLE); //使能串口;

}

void USART2_Send_Byte(u8 Data) //发送一个字节;

{

USART_SendData(USART2,Data);

while( USART_GetFlagStatus(USART2, USART_FLAG_TC) == RESET );

}

void USART2_Send_String(u8 *Data) //发送字符串;

{

while(*Data)

USART2_Send_Byte(*Data++);

}

void USART2_IRQHandler(void) //中断处理函数;

{

u8 res;

if(USART_GetITStatus(USART2, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET) //判断是否发生中断;

{

USART_ClearFlag(USART2, USART_IT_RXNE); //清除标志位;

res=USART_ReceiveData(USART2); //接收数据;

USART2_Send_Byte(res); //用户自定义;

}

}

void USART3_Configuration(void)

{

GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;

USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;

NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;

RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE );

RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_USART3, ENABLE );

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10; //USART3 TX;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP; //复用推挽输出;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;

GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口B;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_11; //USART3 RX;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING; //浮空输入;

GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口B;

USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600; //波特率;

USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b; //数据位8位;

USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1; //停止位1位;

USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No ; //无校验位;

USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;

//无硬件流控;

USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;

//收发模式;

USART_Init(USART3, &USART_InitStructure);//配置串口参数;

NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //设置中断组，4位抢占优先级，4位响应优先级;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART3_IRQn; //中断号;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0; //抢占优先级;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0; //响应优先级;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;

NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

USART_ITConfig(USART3, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);

USART_Cmd(USART3, ENABLE); //使能串口;

}

void USART3_Send_Byte(u8 Data) //发送一个字节;

{

USART_SendData(USART3,Data);

while( USART_GetFlagStatus(USART3, USART_FLAG_TC) == RESET );

}

void USART3_Send_String(u8 *Data) //发送字符串;

{

while(*Data)

USART3_Send_Byte(*Data++);

}

void USART3_IRQHandler(void) //中断处理函数;

{

u8 res;

if(USART_GetITStatus(USART3, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET) //判断是否发生中断;

{

USART_ClearFlag(USART3, USART_IT_RXNE); //清除标志位;

res=USART_ReceiveData(USART3); //接收数据;

USART3_Send_Byte(res); //用户自定义;

}

}

void UART4_Configuration(void)

{

GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;

USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;

NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;

RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC, ENABLE );

RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_UART4, ENABLE );

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10; //UART4 TX;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP; //复用推挽输出;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;

GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口C;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_11; //UART4 RX;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING; //浮空输入;

GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口C;

USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600; //波特率;

USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b; //数据位8位;

USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1; //停止位1位;

USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No ; //无校验位;

USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;

//无硬件流控;

USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;

//收发模式;

USART_Init(UART4, &USART_InitStructure);//配置串口参数;

NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //设置中断组，4位抢占优先级，4位响应优先级;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = UART4_IRQn; //中断号;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0; //抢占优先级;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0; //响应优先级;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;

NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

USART_ITConfig(UART4, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);

USART_Cmd(UART4, ENABLE); //使能串口;

}

void UART4_Send_Byte(u8 Data) //发送一个字节;

{

USART_SendData(UART4,Data);

while( USART_GetFlagStatus(UART4, USART_FLAG_TC) == RESET );

}

void UART4_Send_String(u8 *Data) //发送字符串;

{

while(*Data)

UART4_Send_Byte(*Data++);

}

void UART4_IRQHandler(void) //中断处理函数;

{

u8 res;

if(USART_GetITStatus(UART4, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET) //判断是否发生中断;

{

USART_ClearFlag(UART4, USART_IT_RXNE); //清除标志位;

res=USART_ReceiveData(UART4); //接收数据;

UART4_Send_Byte(res); //用户自定义;

}

}

void UART5_Configuration(void)

{

GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;

USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;

NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;

RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC|RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOD, ENABLE );

RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_UART5, ENABLE );

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_12; //UART5 TX;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP; //复用推挽输出;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;

GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口C;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_2; //UART5 RX;

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING; //浮空输入;

GPIO_Init(GPIOD, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口D;

USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600; //波特率;

USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b; //数据位8位;

USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1; //停止位1位;

USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No ; //无校验位;

USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;

//无硬件流控;

USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;

//收发模式;

USART_Init(UART5, &USART_InitStructure);//配置串口参数;

NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //设置中断组，4位抢占优先级，4位响应优先级;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = UART5_IRQn; //中断号;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0; //抢占优先级;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0; //响应优先级;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;

NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);